Public water system record
Buffalo Gap
Serves Buffalo Gap, Custer County, SD · 126 people served
Federal records show 4 health-based violations and 12 monitoring/reporting issues for Buffalo Gap in the last ten years, including an unresolved Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule violation.
System profile
- Health-based violations, last 10 years
- 4
- Resolved
- 3
- Unresolved
- 1
- Any acute record
- No
- Monitoring issues, last 10 years
- 12
Key facts
- Buffalo Gap draws water from 1 well.
- Most recent formal enforcement: compliance order with a penalty by South Dakota, August 2006.
- Record on file since 1976, with 18 health-based violations before October 19, 2016.
- Lead pipe inventory: 38 lead and 0 unknown out of 97 service lines.
Check whether Buffalo Gap serves your address
Health-based violations
Since October 2016Violation data reflects EPA records through March 2026. For the most current status, visit the EPA ECHO database.
| Contaminant | Rule family | Start date | Status | Acute |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
210 | Jul 7, 2025 | Active | No |
|
Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
210 | May 21, 2024 | Resolved | No |
|
Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
210 | Jan 1, 2018 | Resolved | No |
|
Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
210 | Feb 1, 2017 | Resolved | No |
Monitoring and reporting issues
Since October 2016Missed tests or reports, not contaminants found above a limit.
| Issue | Start date | Status |
|---|---|---|
|
Chlorine
Monitoring and reporting
|
Jul 1, 2025 |
Archived
Violation period ended. EPA no longer counts it toward current compliance, but no fix was formally recorded.
|
|
Revised Total Coliform Rule
Monitoring violation
|
Dec 1, 2023 | Resolved |
|
Revised Total Coliform Rule
Monitoring violation
|
Oct 1, 2023 | Resolved |
|
Lead and Copper Rule
Monitoring and reporting
|
Oct 1, 2023 | Resolved |
|
Chlorine
Monitoring and reporting
|
Apr 1, 2023 | Resolved |
|
Revised Total Coliform Rule
Monitoring violation
|
Apr 1, 2023 | Resolved |
|
Chlorine
Monitoring and reporting
|
Jan 1, 2023 | Resolved |
|
Chlorine
Monitoring and reporting
|
Jul 1, 2018 | Resolved |
|
Chlorine
Monitoring and reporting
|
Apr 1, 2018 | Resolved |
|
Chlorine
Monitoring and reporting
|
Jan 1, 2018 | Resolved |
|
Chlorine
Monitoring and reporting
|
Oct 1, 2017 | Resolved |
|
Chlorine
Monitoring and reporting
|
Oct 1, 2016 | Resolved |
Full record since 1976
EPA's records for Buffalo Gap go back to 1976. Before October 19, 2016 they list 18 health-based violations (18 resolved) and 173 monitoring or reporting violations.
| Violations that began in | Health-based | Monitoring and reporting |
|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 0 | 2 |
| 1990s | 3 | 110 |
| 2000s | 9 | 42 |
| 2010 to October 18, 2016 | 6 | 19 |
| October 19, 2016 to 2019 | 2 | 4 |
| 2020s | 2 | 7 |
Most recent health-based violation before October 19, 2016: Groundwater Rule, began May 2016, Resolved.
Show all 18 health-based violations before October 19, 2016
| Contaminant | Start date | Status |
|---|---|---|
|
Groundwater Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
May 14, 2016 | Resolved |
|
Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
Feb 1, 2016 | Resolved |
|
Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
Feb 1, 2014 | Resolved |
|
Groundwater Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
May 30, 2013 | Resolved |
|
Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Treatment technique failure
|
Feb 1, 2011 | Resolved |
|
Total Coliform
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Mar 1, 2010 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Jan 1, 2007 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Oct 1, 2006 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Jul 1, 2006 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Apr 1, 2006 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Jan 1, 2006 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Jan 1, 2005 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Oct 1, 2004 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Jul 1, 2004 | Resolved |
|
Combined Uranium
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Apr 1, 2004 | Resolved |
|
Total Coliform
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Aug 1, 1998 | Resolved |
|
Total Coliform
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Jul 1, 1998 | Resolved |
|
Total Coliform
Contaminant limit exceeded
|
Jun 1, 1998 | Resolved |
Enforcement actions
South Dakota regulators took 3 formal enforcement actions against Buffalo Gap between 1996 and 2006, filed as 15 records in EPA's data. The most recent was a compliance order with a penalty in August 2006.
| Date | By | Action | Violations covered |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aug 28, 2006 | South Dakota | Compliance order with a penalty | 13 violations (5 health-based): Combined Uranium, Chlorine, Public Notice, Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs), Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) |
| Nov 17, 1997 | South Dakota | Compliance order (no penalty) | 32 violations: Glyphosate, LASSO, Heptachlor, Methoxychlor, Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate |
| Jun 6, 1996 | South Dakota | Compliance order (no penalty) | 5 violations: Lead and Copper Rule |
What the violations mean
Stage 1 Disinfection Byproducts Rule
4 incidentsThe system did not meet a treatment requirement of the Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Byproducts form when disinfectants react with natural material in water. Long-term exposure above federal limits may increase cancer risk
Where the water comes from
Buffalo Gap draws water from 1 well.
Annual water quality report
Buffalo Gap must give its customers an annual water quality report (Consumer Confidence Report) by July 1, with the levels its tests found in the previous year.
Systems serving 500 or fewer people may meet the rule by telling customers the report is available on request, so you may need to ask Buffalo Gap for a copy.
Find a posted report with EPA's Consumer Confidence Report search
Testing your own water
To test the water at your tap, or a private well this record does not cover, use a laboratory certified for drinking water by South Dakota.
Certified drinking water labs by state EPA guidance for private wells